Steel Material Grades

European (EN 10025)

American (ASTM)

Sub-grades & Toughness

Weldability

Allowable Stress

EN 10025 — European standard for hot-rolled structural steel. Minimum yield strength (f_y) is specified at t ≤ 16 mm. Values reduce with increasing thickness.

Enable JavaScript to view the shared EN 10025-2:2019 strength table.

Cards below: fy/fu for S235/S275/S355 use the shared source at t = 16 mm. Other grades, chemistry, elongation and weldability remain under engineering review.

ASTM standards — American Society for Testing and Materials. F_y = minimum yield strength; F_u = minimum tensile strength. Values in MPa (ksi shown in brackets).

Not yet verified against an official manufacturer table — check before use.

Reference values — verify against the current edition of the applicable standard or manufacturer's table before design use.

Grade	F_y (MPa / ksi)	F_u (MPa / ksi)	Elongation (%)	Typical use
A36	250 / 36	400–550 / 58–80	≥ 20	Plates, bars, legacy sections
A572 Gr.42	290 / 42	415 / 60	≥ 20	General structural
A572 Gr.50	345 / 50	450 / 65	≥ 18	W-shapes, plates — most common AISC grade
A572 Gr.60	415 / 60	520 / 75	≥ 16	High-strength plates
A572 Gr.65	450 / 65	550 / 80	≥ 15	High-strength plates
A992	345 / 50	450 / 65	≥ 18	W-shapes for seismic design (F_y/F_u ≤ 0.85)
A913 Gr.50	345 / 50	450 / 65	≥ 18	HSLA Q&T — seismic sections
A913 Gr.65	450 / 65	550 / 80	≥ 15	HSLA Q&T — seismic/high-strength
A514	690–760 / 100–110	760–895 / 110–130	≥ 16–18	Q&T high-strength plates (bridges, cranes)

EN ↔ ASTM Approximate Equivalents

Reference values — verify against the current edition of the applicable standard or manufacturer's table before design use.

European (EN)	American (ASTM)	f_y (MPa)
S235	A36	235 / 250
S275	A572 Gr.42	275 / 290
S355	A572 Gr.50 / A992	355 / 345
S420	A913 Gr.60	420 / 415
S460	A913 Gr.65	460 / 450

Sub-grades define Charpy V-notch impact toughness at a test temperature. Choose based on minimum service temperature and fracture consequence class.

Reference values — verify against the current edition of the applicable standard or manufacturer's table before design use.

Sub-grade	Test temp (°C)	Min. energy (J)	Application guidance
JR	+20 °C	27	Internal unexposed steelwork only. Not for external or cold environments.
J0	0 °C	27	General building structure. Sheltered external locations.
J2	−20 °C	27	Standard for most European building design. External structure in temperate climates.
K2	−20 °C	40	Fracture-critical members. Cold climates (Nordic countries, alpine regions).
M	−20 °C	27	Thermomechanically rolled (TMCP). Good through-thickness properties.
N	−20 °C	27	Normalised. Similar to M, different production route.
ML / NL	−50 °C	27	Extreme cold climates. Offshore structures in arctic conditions.
QL	−60 °C	27	Quenched & tempered. Extreme cold environments, LNG structures.

Tip: EN 1993-1-10 (Steel toughness selection) provides a systematic procedure for selecting sub-grade based on element thickness, stress level, lowest air temperature, and consequence class. Always apply this to fracture-critical elements such as tension flanges of major beams and column bases.

Grade-specific weldability, carbon-equivalent and preheat recommendations are withheld pending source and procedure verification. Determine welding requirements from the actual material certificate and qualified project welding procedure.

📊 Source-backed Steel Strength Lookup

EN 10025-2 / EN 10025-4 — source-backed yield and tensile strengths for the stated product scope

Steel Grade

Plate/Member Thickness t (mm)

Reference values — verify against the current edition of the applicable standard or manufacturer's table before design use.

Strength values cover only the named product and delivery condition in the cited table. No extrapolation or material substitution is permitted.